Eoclima

This product identifies, delineates and assesses the impact of riverine flood events, carries out socio-economic/ecosystem impact studies, calculates current river flood risk estimates for different return periods, and assesses river flood risk using future projections and RCP scenarios.

• Hydrological & hydraulic modelling
• Flood risk management
• Analyses of historical flood events
• Estimations of water reservoir storage
• Water resources management
• Support for financial disclosure reports

This product provides time-series information on the occurrence, frequency, and extent of water bodies, as well as anomalies in total water storage. The surface water mapping covers water reservoirs, lakes, and rivers, while the total water storage comprises canopy water, water bodies, soil moisture, and groundwater, representing a proxy for hydrological dynamics.

• Identifying water dynamics
• Water supply
• Food and nutrition security
• Agriculture and livestock
• Hydrological modelling
• Drought modelling
• Hydropower
• Energy and industry
• Aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems management

This product provides time-series information and analyzes precipitation, evapotranspiration patterns, soil moisture anomalies, decreases in the extent of water bodies, total water storage anomalies, and climate drought indexes.

• Identifying meteorological droughts
• Identifying hydrological droughts
• Detecting and monitoring long-term hydrological drought conditions
• Drought early warning decision support
• Drought modelling
• Mitigation of drought impacts
• Rainfed and irrigated agriculture
• Domestic water supply
• Aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems management
• Hydropower

This product identifies wetlands and permanent water bodies and monitors both seasonal and climate-driven long-term changes, including water quality, level, and extent. It determines degradation trends and dynamics in wetlands and reports advanced statistical analyses.

• Consolidating wetland inventories
• Identifying wetland restoration opportunities
• Monitoring environmental trends in wetlands
• Water supply management
• Ecosystem management
• Agriculture and livestock
• Advocacy and lobbying on wetlands

This product identifies, delineates, and grades flood events and maps flooding potential in coastal and riverine environments. Flooding likelihood integrates analyses of coastal erosion, sea level rise, and land subsidence using Earth Observation data.

• Urban planning
• Disaster risk management
• Coastal risk management
• Coastal adaptation and risk reduction strategies

This product provides access to both historic and projected global time-series information on sea level changes and anomalies. Historic changes in sea level are observed using satellite SAR altimetry technology and future changes are estimated using climate projections from global and regional climate model ensembles for different GHG emission scenarios.

• Urban planning
• Vulnerability assessment
• Coastal risk management
• Coastal adaptation and risk reduction strategies

This product provides data on shoreline changes for defined time periods. Shoreline change monitoring utilizes consistent and reliable water body detection based on combined satellite optical and SAR imagery. Accretion and erosion levels are ascertained from shoreline changes and geomorphologic coast analyses.

• Urban planning
• Vulnerability assessment
• Coastal risk management
• Coastal adaptation and risk reduction strategies

This product provides information on the factors that affect productivity, species diversity, and climate change resilience of marine ecosystems. Derived from Earth Observation data, this information contributes to marine ecosystem analyses by monitoring sea surface temperature, ocean color, and algae blooms.

• Marine ecosystem health studies
• Suitability analyses for fishery locations
• Ecosystem management
• Analyses of marine productivity and species diversity

This product provides a classification of potential degraded/not-degraded areas based on time-series analyses of trends in land cover, plant productivity, and carbon stock (SOC and biomass) following Version 2 of the UNCCD’s Good Practice Guidance for calculating SDG Indicator 15.3.1.

• Investment planning
• Identifying rehabilitation opportunities
• Ecosystem management planning
• Monitoring Sustainable Development Goal Indicator 15.3.1
• Ecosystem-based adaptation and evaluation

This product provides water-related soil erosion rates at annual intervals. Soil loss rates are measured in Tn/ha/year using the RUSLE2015 model and Earth Observation datasets. Factors affecting the soil loss calculation include rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, topography, and cover-management.

• Land use management
• Support for intervention policies at country and regional level
• Identifying restoration opportunities
• Impact assessment of soil erosion mitigation measures
• Monitoring rehabilitation measures
• Climate policy formulation
• Tracking changes due to climate variability over time

This product provides information about land cover and land use transitions of defined areas and for specified time intervals and can be aggregated for biomes or ecoregions upon request. The methodology to create the LULC map leverages the information from combined satellite optical and SAR time-series imagery. Transitions include deforestation, reforestation, crop expansion, urbanization, water expansion, water reduction, wetland degradation, and land abandonment.

• Land use management
• Monitoring environmental changes
• Land cover trends analyses

This product describes the emergence of discontinuities in an ecosystem. Fragmented habitats are identified by classifying spatial patterns using optical and SAR imagery, and measuring area density to quantify the fragmentation.

• Infrastructure and urban planning
• Forest management
• Ecosystem management
• Connectivity, diversity, and wildlife population studies
• Developing wildlife corridors

This product provides data on the decline or disappearance of biological diversity by analyzing an ecosystem’s intrinsic diversity. It calculates various diversity indexes that consider the number of species present, as well as the relative abundance, dominance, and evenness of each species.

• Ecosystem management
• Ecosystem economic assessment
• Forest management
• Food and nutrition security
• Harvesting wild medicinal plant species

This product provides information about the most common disturbances that occur in nature and significantly affect vegetation dynamics. It makes calculations using EO-based products that hone in on biophysical vegetation indicators, combining information on deforestation, fires, vegetation stress, and biotic damage affecting the vegetation of the ecosystem.

• Ecosystem management
• Forest management
• Ecology studies
• Climate-driven disturbance analyses

This product offers mapping and long-term monitoring of forest covers using satellite-derived forest mask information. Forest mask time-series analyses provide insight into the mapping of forest presence, absence, and changes, and forest density. The product includes the detection of natural deforestation and forest logging.

• Sustainable forest management and conservation practices
• Tracking forest logging
• Monitoring deforestation in supply chains
• Forest monitoring
• Lobbying and advocacy
• Forestry project monitoring and evaluation
• Land use planning

This product characterizes a forested area for given periods and reports on forest health deterioration by assessing the damage caused by forests threats, including forest clearing, extreme drought, and insect plagues. Robust statistical algorithms are applied over time-series vegetation indices to correlate forest health decrease with the intensity of the climate-driven damage.

• Sustainable forest management and conservation practices
• Tracking forest logging
• Forest monitoring
• Plague-damage detection system
• Lobbying and advocacy
• Forestry project monitoring and evaluation

This product maps the forest areas affected by biotic stress and provides a qualitative classification of the biotic damage. In forestry, living organisms such as fungi, insects, bacteria, and weeds can damage tree health and, consequently, the forest’s overall health status. This product detects, delimits, and estimates woodland plague damage using satellite data and machine learning techniques.

• Sustainable forest management and conservation practices
• Forest monitoring
• Plague-damage detection system
• Lobbying and advocacy
• Forestry project monitoring and evaluation

This product provides time-series information on vegetation biophysical variables and soil moisture from satellite optical imagery and meteorological reanalysis, and the analysis of drought indicator dynamics and anomalies. These elements are used to produce an agricultural combined drought indicator based on a cause-effect relationship.

• Identifying agricultural droughts
• Rainfed agriculture
• Food and nutrition security
• Terrestrial ecosystem
• Drought early warning decision support
• Mitigation of drought impacts
• Sustainable crop farming and livestock watering
• Finance

This product provides climate indicators aimed at classifying and quantifying the potential impacts of extreme climate events for agriculture. The indicators covered by this product are derived from satellite data, meteorological models, and climate models and are calculated following the common definitions internationally accepted by the scientific community. These indicators match globally accepted information, thus meeting agricultural needs for climate impact assessment.

• Climate change impact assessment
• Rainfed and irrigation agriculture
• Food and nutrition security

This product provides satellite information to support climate-resilient agriculture. This includes crop area monitoring and change assessment, crop type identification, estimated water deficit based on soil moisture, determining the available water in reservoirs, and monitoring ground water storage.

• Cropland change assessment
• Irrigated agriculture
• Intervention and investment in the agricultural sector
• Agriculture productivity assessment
• Rural infrastructure investment design, monitoring, and evaluation

This product identifies rangelands and assesses long-term, seasonal changes for defined timespans. It computes biophysical vegetation indicators to assess rangeland productivity trends. Indices are weighted according to their capacity for condition assessment. The grazing practices of local pastoral communities are integrated for retrieval of pasture degradation.

• Project formulation and project impact assessment
• Climate policy formulation
• Food and nutrition security
• Identification of restoration opportunities
• Advocacy and lobbying on rangelands
• Data support for national government reporting on commitments

This product provides past, present, and future-projected information about environmental livestock stress. It covers temperature-humidity, wind-chill, and comprehensive climate indices. Heat/cold stress charts for particular species are necessary to properly assess impact. Indices are calculated using climate data from meteorological models and regional and global climate models.

• Livestock productivity
• Livestock development interventions
• Animal health and welfare
• Sustainable livestock farming

This product provides time-series information on the occurrence, frequency, and extent of water bodies, as well as anomalies in total water storage. The indicators include water occurrence, water occurrence change intensity, water surface persistence, water seasonality, total water surface area, annual water recurrence, and other descriptors of water dynamics.

• Identifying water dynamics
• Water supply
• Food and nutrition security
• Agriculture and livestock
• Hydrological modelling
• Energy and industry
• Aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems management

This product provides information on urban heat islands by measuring land surface temperatures from thermal satellite observations and ascertaining city air temperatures from meteorological data. It also includes mapping of urban green cover to analyze the impacts of green and built areas on urban heat islands.

• Urban planning
• Model thermal activity and ventilation in and around cities
• Providing information for climate-adaptive building design

This product grades the damage and delineates the flood extent affecting an urban area. The drainage pattern of land is disrupted when a natural landscape is transformed by urban development. The accumulation of floodwaters resulting from the inflow of storm water can exceed the drainage capacity, leading to urban flooding.

• Urban planning
• Disaster risk management
• Damage evaluation
• Flood risk assessment

This product provides information on deforestation, as well as afforestation and reforestation activities in a region of interest. It includes time-series forest change detection and quantification, and the analysis of land cover dynamics.

• Sustainable forest management and conservation practices
• Nature-based solutions
• Tracking forest logging
• Monitoring deforestation in supply chains
• Forest monitoring
• Lobbying and advocacy
• Forestry project monitoring and evaluation
• Land use planning
• Tree planting opportunities

This product maps the opportunities for restoration on degraded lands, especially for forests. It includes analyses of the current coverage and condition of the ecosystem, the potential ecosystem coverage under current and future climate conditions, and the human pressure including population density, built areas, pasturelands, and croplands.

• Sustainable forest management and conservation practices
• Nature-based solutions
• Identifying tree planting opportunities
• Ecosystem restoration opportunities
• Conservation areas
• Ecosystem project monitoring and evaluation

This product maps the carbon content of an area of interest from EO-based above-ground biomass measurements of forested areas and soil organic carbon estimates as a proxy for soil carbon stocks. Biomass estimates are retrieved from Lidar-based altimetry measurements combined with digital surface models.

• Creating national GHG inventories
• Carbon storage estimation
• Identifying restoration opportunities
• Climate financing
• Update of the UNFCCC’s nationally determined contributions (NDCs)

This product provides information to support all tiers of the IPCC’s Guidelines for National GHG Inventories. It calculates carbon stock changes to measure GHG emissions by monitoring changes in land use and estimating multi-source spatial variations on biomass density (forestry) and soil carbon (soils).

• Creating national GHG inventories
• Reporting on GHG emissions/removals
• LULUCF studies
• Carbon crediting (e.g. REDD+)
• Climate financing
• Update of UNFCCC’s nationally determined contributions (NDCs)

This product provides EO-based maps and analytical plots at jurisdictional scale to demonstrate that imported products are not associated, currently or in the past, to any legal or illegal deforestation and land degradation processes.

• Information for companies buying goods and bringing them into the EU market
• Information for governments of producing countries
• Sustainable forest management and conservation practices
• Tracking forest logging
• Monitoring deforestation in supply chains